We all want to live long, healthy lives, but navigating the vast amount of health advice available online can be overwhelming. When it comes to something as serious as cancer, knowing what is true and what is simply a myth can be a matter of life and death. It is easy to become confused about what actually helps reduce your risk. After all, we often see headlines touting the next “miracle cure” or “silent killer”.
Understanding how to prevent cancer starts with separating evidence-based research from hearsay. While genetics play a role, lifestyle choices significantly impact our long-term health. That said, which choices actually matter? Does avoiding certain foods guarantee safety? Can specific “superfoods” act as a shield?
This guide aims to debunk common misconceptions. We provide research-backed answers to the most frequently asked questions about cancer prevention. By clarifying what works and what doesn’t, we hope to empower you to make informed decisions for a healthier future.
Food and Drink
Diet is one of the most discussed areas of cancer prevention, yet it is also rife with misinformation. Let’s look at some specific claims.
Does mango juice prevent cancer?
You may have seen claims circulating on social media that mango juice is a cure-all. Mangoes are nutritionally packed with vitamins A and C and fibre. That said, there is no scientific evidence to suggest that mango juice alone can prevent or cure cancer. A balanced diet rich in a variety of fruits and vegetables is always recommended for overall health. Relying on a single fruit juice as a preventative measure is not supported by science.
Can fasting prevent cancer?
Intermittent fasting has gained popularity for weight loss and metabolic health. Some animal studies suggest fasting might help reduce tumour growth. These same studies imply that fasting improves the effectiveness of chemotherapy. That said, evidence in humans is still in the early stages. Maintaining a healthy body weight is crucial for reducing cancer risk. Yet, it is premature to say that fasting itself is a definitive prevention method. Always consult a healthcare professional before making drastic changes to your diet.
Can baking soda prevent cancer?
This is a persistent myth based on the idea that cancer thrives in an acidic environment. It’s thought that baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) can alkalise the body to stop it. The human body naturally regulates its pH balance very strictly. Consuming baking soda will not alter the pH of your cells or the environment around a tumour. There is no clinical evidence to support baking soda as a cancer preventative or treatment.
Supplements and Medication
Many people look to medicine cabinets for protection, but the reality is often more complex than a simple pill.
Does Vitamin D help prevent prostate cancer?
Vitamin D is essential for bone health and immune function. Some studies have looked into whether it helps prevent prostate cancer, but the results have been mixed. Low levels of Vitamin D have been linked to a higher risk of more aggressive prostate cancers in some observational studies. That said, clinical trials have not shown that taking supplements prevents the disease. The best approach is to maintain healthy Vitamin D levels through safe sun exposure and diet, rather than relying on mega-doses.
Can aspirin prevent cancer?
There is some promising research here. Long-term use of low-dose aspirin has been linked to a reduced risk of colorectal (bowel) cancer and potentially other types. However, aspirin carries risks, such as internal bleeding and stomach ulcers. It is not currently recommended as a general preventative for everyone. Decisions about taking aspirin daily should always be made with a doctor who can assess your personal risk profile.
Lifestyle Factors and Natural Defences
Beyond what we consume, our daily habits and biological functions play a significant role.
Does breastfeeding prevent cancer?
Yes, there is strong evidence for this. Breastfeeding can lower the mother’s risk of developing breast cancer. The longer a woman breastfeeds, the more she is protected. It is thought that breastfeeding lowers the levels of certain cancer-related hormones in the mother’s body. Breastfeeding is also believed to remove cells from the breast that may have DNA damage.
Can a good immune system prevent cancer?
Your immune system is your body’s defence against infection and disease, including cancer. It constantly patrols the body, recognising and destroying abnormal cells before they can grow into tumours. However, cancer cells are clever; they can sometimes hide from the immune system or even use it to help them grow. While a healthy immune system is vital, it isn’t a foolproof shield. A healthy lifestyle (exercise, not smoking, and good nutrition) supports your immune system in doing its job effectively.
Can sunscreen prevent skin cancer?
Absolutely. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is the leading cause of skin cancer. Using broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high SPF reduces your exposure to dangerous UV rays. You should also wear protective clothing and seek shade. It is one of the most effective, proven ways to prevent skin cancer, including melanoma.
Can acupuncture prevent cancer?
Acupuncture is often used as a complementary therapy to help manage symptoms of cancer or side effects of treatment, like nausea or pain. However, there is no scientific evidence to show that acupuncture can prevent cancer from developing in the first place. It should be viewed as a supportive therapy rather than a preventative tool.
The Bottom Line on Prevention
There is no magic bullet for preventing cancer, but you can stack the odds in your favour. Cancer Prevention Research Trust recommends a multifaceted approach:
- Do not smoke: This is the single biggest preventable cause of cancer.
- Maintain a healthy weight: Obesity is linked to numerous cancers.
- Limit alcohol: Less is better.
- Stay active: Aim for at least 20 minutes of moderate exercise daily.
- Eat wisely: Focus on plant-based foods, limit red and processed meats, and avoid heating foods to very high temperatures where possible.
By focusing on these proven strategies rather than unverified myths, you take proactive control of your health.
Take Action Today
While understanding the facts is the first step, funding vital research is what ultimately changes the future. Cancer Prevention Research Trust has been dedicated to this cause since 1973. We rely entirely on the generosity of the public.
To help us continue debunking myths and finding real solutions, consider making a contribution. Your support enables ground-breaking research in teaching hospitals and universities across the UK.
Donate to Cancer Prevention Research Trust today to help us create a cancer-free future.